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6 Best Baby Formulas of 2024, According to Experts and Parents

Our registered dietitians analyzed the ingredients and claims of over 50 different formulas to find the best for your baby.

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mike garten

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Giving your baby the nutrition they need to grow and develop is top of mind for parents. Regardless of how you're feeding your baby, it's far from an easy task. If you're solely formula feeding or perhaps supplementing breastmilk with formula feeds, the sheer volume of commercially prepared infant formulas available on the market can be overwhelming. Add sensitivities, allergies and intolerances to the mix, and figuring out which formula is best for your little one can be even more challenging.

The good news is that all formulas must meet federal nutrient requirements, and infant formula manufacturers must notify the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prior to marketing a new formula. You'll of course want to discuss formula selection with your trusted pediatrician since every baby is unique, but you can rest assured knowing that all formula products on the shelves in the U.S. are regulated. Our registered dietitians in the Good Housekeeping Institute evaluated over 50 different formula products to find the best options for all families. We also consulted a panel of pediatricians as well as parents who currently use the formulas with their infants for real-life feedback.

You can learn more about how we evaluate baby formula — including tips for selecting the best baby formula for your infant — at the end of this guide. We also have dedicated articles on the best organic baby formula and top-tested organic baby food brands when your infant begins to transition to solids.

*Please note that price per ounce is determined using price at time of publication.

1
Best Overall Baby Formula

Bobbie Organic Infant Formula

Organic Infant Formula
Credit: Bobbie

Pros

  • Certified by the Clean Label Project
  • Free from palm oil and corn syrup
  • Subscription-based eliminates trips to the store

Cons

  • Expensive

This organic infant formula company was started by an Irish-American mom who was frustrated with the quality of formula in the U.S. The brand prides itself on thoughtfully-sourced ingredients and provides a higher level of DHA, an essential nutrient to support developing babies' brains, than is found in any other U.S. formula (20mg/100kcal) to meet EU standards. In addition to being organic, Bobbie was also the first ever infant formula to receive the Clean Label Project Purity Award and a certification as a Pesticide-Free product. Plus, it's free from palm oil and corn syrup.

One parent told us that their baby's reflux significantly improved on Bobbie, and another added that they loved that the subscription component eliminated the hassle of having to find formula at the store. But if you prefer shopping in stores, you can find Bobbie at some Target locations. Although it is one of the more expensive items on this list, our pros say there is no denying the top quality of Bobbie's formulation. The brand also just released a new Organic Gentle option that meets all FDA requirements and several EU benchmark guidelines too.

Price per ounce$1.84
Ounces per container14.1
2
Best Value Baby Formula

Walmart Parent's Choice Advantage Premium Powder Baby Formula with Iron

Parent's Choice Advantage Premium Powder Baby Formula with Iron
Credit: Parent's Choice

Pros

  • Affordable price point
  • Free from palm olein oil
  • Made with non-GMO ingredients

Cons

  • Only available at Walmart

Our pros were impressed by this generic store-brand formula that contains multiple HMOs, a type of prebiotic important for immunity that is found in breastmilk, and other compounds to support baby's digestive tract. The blend comes in at one of the most affordable prices per ounce and still meets FDA requirements, packing in DHA, lutein and vitamin E for baby brain and eye development. The formula is also free from palm olein oil and is made with non-GMO ingredients.

A parent shared with us that this formula significantly reduced their little's acid reflux. Another loved that it offered high quality nutrition but was significantly less expensive than the big brands. The option is only available at Walmart but can be purchased in store or online.

Price per ounce$0.76
Ounces per container36
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3
Best European Formula

Kendamil Organic Stage 1 Powder Infant Formula

Organic Stage 1 Powder Infant Formula

Pros

  • Free from palm oil, corn syrup, maltodextrin and soy
  • International formula that meets U.S. standards

Cons

  • Expensive

During the infant formula shortage, Kendamil was among the first international suppliers approved by the U.S. administration as part of Operation Fly Formula. Although the brand is new to many Americans, it has been around for 60 years. Their formula is fully compliant with FDA's nutrition standards and has a few key characteristics that set it apart from others on this list. Parents we spoke to that switched to Kendamil during the shortage ended up sticking with the brand moving forward since they were so impressed by the quality.

The brand uses whole milk, which they claim is a more natural fat source for babies and allows them to reduce the amount of vegetable oils in the formulation. Free from palm oil, the brand sources their omega-3 (DHA) from marine algae which keeps the product vegetarian. This formula is also free from corn syrup, maltodextrin and soy. Kendamil manufactures conventional and organic formulas. Choosing organic is an option for parents who are looking to minimize their baby’s exposure to certain preservatives and additives, but pediatricians we consulted said that there may not be a huge nutritional difference between the two (more on that later).

Price per ounce$1.41
Ounces per container28.2
4
Best Organic Baby Formula

Earth's Best Organic Dairy Infant Formula With Iron

Organic Dairy Infant Formula With Iron

Pros

  • USDA Organic
  • No added corn syrup solids

Cons

  • Contains palm oil and soy

Free from artificial flavors, colors and preservatives, Earth's Best line of infant formulas includes dairy, sensitivity and gentle. They not only meet the U.S. FDA's nutritional requirements and regulations, but they are also USDA Organic. This iron-fortified option also contains DHA, ARA, lutein for eye health and prebiotic fiber for digestion. Our pros appreciate that the formula is produced with milk from cows that are humanely raised and not treated with antibiotics or growth hormones. "Once we started using Earth’s Best, we no longer had to use gas drops like we did with his previous formula," one mother that we spoke to said.

Earth's Best shared with Good Housekeeping that they maintain rigorous internal standards and testing procedures to ensure their products meet the current national and international food guidelines. They work collaboratively with suppliers and associations from the food sector to continuously refine and improve upon the standards to ensure their products exceed safety and nutrition standards — including reducing the levels of heavy metals that occur naturally in soil and water. While the option is free from added corn syrup solids, it does contain palm oil and soy. That being said, it comes out to a moderate price point per ounce compared to other more expensive organic options.

Price per ounce$1.28
Ounces per container21
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5
Best Value Organic Baby Formula

Baby's Only Organic Premium Infant Formula With Iron

Organic Premium Infant Formula With Iron
Credit: Baby's Only

Pros

  • Clean Label Purity Award recipient
  • Free from palm oil and corn syrup
  • Certified organic

Cons

  • Can be hard to find in stores

Free from artificial growth hormones and corn syrup, Baby's Only sources high quality organic ingredients in this premium formula that is the brand's closest formula to breast milk. The product meets U.S. federal formula requirements like all other American formulas on the market, and includes important vitamins and minerals like iron and choline to support brain development, vitamin D for immune support and calcium to help build strong bones. Parents that we spoke to who use the formula with their children said they appreciated the brands emphasis on heavy metal testing and loved that the organic option is free from palm olein oil.

Our pros also point out a medically supervised study founded by the company where they monitored infant growth for the first month of life in over 200 infants and saw that babies fed this formula grew similarly to breastfed infants. The product is also recognized for purity by the Clean Label Project and the brand is passionate about testing its formulas every time for heavy metals, salmonella, cronobacter sakazakii and other pathogens. It can be difficult to find in stores but is typically available online. It's also a lower cost per ounce for organic formula than others we evaluated.

Price per ounce$0.95
Ounces per container21
6
Best Goat Milk Formula

Bubs Goat Milk Infant Formula Stage 1

Goat Milk Infant Formula Stage 1
Credit: Aussie Bubs

Pros

  • Clean Label Purity Award recipient
  • Available in cow and goat milk varieties
  • Goat milk options are great for sensitive tummies

Cons

  • Expensive

The Australian-made brand offers a variety of high-quality grass-fed cow and goat milk formulas that are similar to European style recipes. Not only do their formulas meet FDA requirements for an iron-fortified formula, but the offerings are free from corn syrup, maltodextrin and growth hormones and are made with full-fat milk. This pick as also also earned a Clean Label Purity Award, which means they were tested for 400+ contaminants, heavy metals and more and meets high quality standards.

While the cow's milk options may be a natural fit for many, their goat milk offerings are designed to support gentle digestion for sensitive tummies and contain naturally occurring A2 goat protein. This blend also contains omega-3 (DHA) and omega-6 (ARA), plus prebiotics (GOS) to provide premium nutrition and has a stage 2 formulation for infants 6 to 12 months old. Bubs was also one of the trusted brands that came to the rescue during the infant formula shortage last year as part of the Operation Fly Formula mission.

Price per ounce$1.56
Ounces per container28.2
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How we chose the best baby formulas

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Registered dietitians in the Good Housekeeping Institute Nutrition Lab analyzed the ingredients of over 50 different formula products. We consulted a panel of pediatricians and parents who currently use the formulas with their infants for their real-life feedback on factors contributing to both parent and baby experience with the product, such as ease of use and baby tolerance.

testing infant formulas in the good housekeeping institute
Jill Sollazzo

We also evaluated testing data and literature provided by the brands to support their claims. But it's important to note that every baby is unique and what works for one baby may not work with another, so the best choice starts with a discussion between you and your child's pediatrician.

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What to look for when shopping for baby formula

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We spoke with Natasha Burgert, M.D., F.A.A.P., Philips Avent’s pediatrician, who says that although there may be different formula additives or extras in certain brands, that the fundamental proteins, carbohydrates and micronutrients are very similar in most formulas. Cost of course will be a key consideration, and it's important to remember that formula canisters can vary greatly in size — that's why we provided a calculation for price per ounce on each of our top picks so you can accurately compare each option. Any intolerances, allergies or conditions that your little one may be dealing with will have to be taken into consideration as well. The different types of baby formula that you'll get to select from include:

✔️ Cow's milk-based formula: This accounts for the vast majority of formula on the market. Milk in these formulas are heated and treated by other methods to make it more easily digestible for infants. Plus, more milk sugar (aka lactose) is added to make the amount equal to that found in breastmilk. Since some infants don't have enough natural reserves of iron in their bodies, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends iron-fortified formulas for infants who are not breastfed or partially breastfed starting from birth to age one.

✔️ Extensively hydrolyzed baby formula: These options tend to be easier to digest since the protein content has been broken down into smaller proteins to make them more easily digested. They tend to cost more than traditional formula but may be necessary for some babies, especially if your child needs a hypoallergenic formula for certain allergies and conditions.

✔️ Soy-based formula: Babies who are unable to digest lactose, which is the main carbohydrate in cow's milk formulas, or have a milk allergy may benefit from a soy-based formula. These use soy protein and carbohydrate from either glucose or sucrose. Parents who choose to follow strict vegan and vegetarian practices may also prefer soy formula since it contains no animal products.

testing infant formulas in the good housekeeping institute
Jill Sollazzo

✔️ Specialized baby formulas: Premature babies and infants with specific disorders and disease may need specialized formulas for their individualized needs. These can vary greatly from traditional formula and will come at the recommendation of your pediatrician based on your child's situation and growth.

While all of our top picks are powder based, which is the most popular and widely available formula option, there are ready to eat formula offerings that come at a premium price but are super convenient and take out the messy preparation required with traditional formula.

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Is organic formula better than conventional?

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Both organic and conventional formulas usually contain nutrients like DHA, AHA, prebiotics and lutein which may all have beneficial benefits for baby, but organic formulas meet additional federal guidelines to get the USDA Organic Stamp. That being said, there may not be a huge nutritional difference.

Conventional formula is nutritionally equivalent to organic formula," Dr. Burgert says. "Some families have a personal preference towards organic formulas, but there is no evidence that is a nutritionally superior choice.” But if organic eating is a priority in your household, there aren't any drawbacks to choosing organic formula so long as it meets FDA requirements (though they tend to come at a higher price point).

What should I do if I can't find baby formula?

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The formula shortage last year put America's parents into panic, and while the situation isn't as dire now and is almost completely resolved, it's natural for parents to wonder what they would do if they can't find baby formula again. Tanya Altmann, M.D., F.A.A.P., Founder of Calabasas Pediatrics and best-selling author of What to Feed Your Baby, offers a few important tips:

✔️ DO switch brands if your routine formula isn’t available. "It can take a baby a few days to transition to the new formula so be patient. If your baby is on a specialty formula, or has an allergy or sensitivity to any formula, always talk to your pediatrician before switching," Dr. Altmann advises.

✔️ DO ask friends and families in other states to help find your formula or an equivalent.

✔️ DO check with breast milk donor banks.

✔️ DO ask about the increased flexibility WIC recipients have to purchase your formula of choice.

✔️ DON’T make homemade infant formula. "It won’t meet your baby’s essential nutritional needs, can be very dangerous to their growth and development and can even make your baby sick," Dr. Altmann says.

✔️ DON’T add extra water to stretch your formula supply. Dr. Altmann adds that this will dilute essential nutrients which can lead to major health problems and harm the normal growth and development of the infant.

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    Infant Formula Preparation & Storage

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    You can find detailed instructions on preparing information formula through the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Instructions will also be provided on the formula cans themselves. According the the AAP, these are a few key tips to remember:

    ✔️ Water first, then powder. Always add the powder to the water that is in the bottle, not the other way around.

    ✔️ Boil the water when needed. For infants under 3 months of age, those who were born prematurely and those who have a weakened immune system, hot water should be used to prepare formula to kill any microbes. To do this, boil the water and let it cool for about 5 minutes. Then, add it to a clean bottle and add the formula based on the instructions on the container.

    ✔️ Cool formula to body temperature. If you are going to use the formula you prepared immediately, be sure to cool the formula to body temperature before feeding your baby. Run the prepared, capped bottle under cool water or place it into an ice bath.

    ✔️ Test the formula temperature to make sure it is not too hot before feeding it to your baby by shaking a few drops on the inside of your wrist.

      Why trust Good Housekeeping?

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      As director of the Good Housekeeping Institute Nutrition Lab for the past two years, Stefani Sassos, M.S., R.D.N., handles all nutrition content, product testing and evaluation. She stays up to date on the latest research to provide evidence-based reporting on all things diet and nutrition, and she also runs large-scale tests and analyses for products ranging from protein bars to supplements.

      As a toddler mom, Stefani is personally invested in thoroughly vetting and testing baby formula and baby food products for her family and yours. She has tested and written about other baby food products as well as making homemade baby food, and she actively covered the baby food shortage throughout 2022.

      Headshot of Stefani Sassos, M.S., R.D.N., NASM-CPT
      Stefani Sassos, M.S., R.D.N., NASM-CPT
      Nutrition & Fitness Lab Director

      Stefani (she/her) is a registered dietitian, a NASM-certified personal trainer and the director of the Good Housekeeping Institute Nutrition and Fitness Lab, where she oversees all nutrition and fitness-related content, testing and evaluation. She holds a master’s degree in clinical nutrition from New York University, as well as advanced certifications as a Women's Fitness Specialist and a Behavior Change Specialist. Stefani is dedicated to providing readers with evidence-based content to encourage informed food choices and healthy living. She is an avid CrossFitter and a passionate home cook who loves spending time with her big fit Greek family.

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